There are three types of turf grasses that do best in our South Texas atmosphere and its collection of temperature extremes. All grasses must be heat hearty. Because of the long hot summers we have here in south Texas and their lack of tolerance for the heat, northern varieties of turf just will not grow.
Up until twenty-five years ago there were basically only two varieties of turf that were considered worthy of using as a lawn grass these were St. Augustine and tasteless Bermuda grass. Both are still in use today. But as the sod industry has grown. So have the number of varieties of grasses. These grasses are classified in three different groups which are:
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1.) St Augustine
2.) Bermuda
3.) Zoysia
Of these three St. Augustine is still the most widely used with the Bermudas closing in rapidly. This is due to the fact that St Augustine is not as drought hearty and in general it takes more water to survive our severe drought conditions. The Zoysia grasses are somewhere in in the middle of St. Augustine and Bermuda but it is much more expensive.
When planning to setup your grass and landscape you should keep in mind what the area surrounding where you live is like. Are you in the hill country where it is rocky and topsoil is minimal or do you live on a more alluvial soil where the ground holds the moisture better? Both St. Augustine and Bermuda grass will grow in all the soil conditions that we have in the San Antonio area, but Bermuda grass is best great for the more tasteless and sandy soils and St. Augustine does best in tight clay gumbo soils. Zoysia grass will grow well in both types of soil.
In North and West areas of San Antonio where the terrain is much more rugged, you would be best off using a Bermuda or a Zoysia grass. Other than the cost of the grass your option is dinky to the area where you are going to plant the grass. Is it sunny or is there a lot of shade? Bermuda grass will not tolerate shade. Zoysia grass will but it is much more costly to buy than Bermuda grasses.
I would suggest against using St. Augustine at least in these areas naturally because of its need for water. If you do to use St. Augustine having a water well would be advantageous and and you should plant a minimal number of sod, exterior only the areas where you want to have a more tropical look.
If you live in the southern or south eastern areas of San Antonio, St. Augustine grasses will perform best than in the hill country. Still, because the soil is loose and sandy Bermuda and Zoysia grasses are best performers. It is my concept that you should think planting a collection of one of these two.
In the north east area of the city you will find a clay gumbo type soil much like on the coastal plains. This type of soil works well for growing St. Augustine grass. It is a dark approximately black dense clay, black gumbo, and it holds water best than whether the hill country's limestone outcrop of rocky soils or the sandy soils in the south and south east areas of the city.
But, because of the occasional drought conditions we have here in south Texas I would shy away from St. Augustine and use it only in have shady areas where Bermuda grass will not survive. You can also use Zoysia grass in the shady parts of your yard. Incidentally all these grasses mix well.
Of the three types of grass available St. Augustine, Bermuda, and Zoysia, Bermuda grass is best great for our south Texas climate. If you use one of the dwarf Bermudas which has a fine texture and a deep lush green color, you will have a very nice finding groomed yard.
Dwarf Bermuda grass is currently the grass of option for most new homes that are being built. It is also widely used in industrial landscapes. By city ordinance St. Augustine is banned on new single house homes.
One last thing, all three turf grasses, in order to keep them green, must have at least one inch of water per week. This should be done in one deep watering per week and not three or four shallow waterings. Watering one inch once a week will build up the root systems of your lawn manufacture them grow deep. This way your grass will claim its wholesome look even if you miss a regular watering.
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